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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktem | om kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 2SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktet | ot kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 3SG: | kə̑štkə̑kta | ok/ogeš kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 1PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktena | ona/ogə̑na kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 2PL: | kə̑štkə̑kteda | oda/ogə̑da kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 3PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktat | ogə̑t kə̑štkə̑kte |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 2SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 3SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑š | ə̑š kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 1PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑šna | ə̑šna kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 2PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑šda | ə̑šda kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 3PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑št | ə̑št kə̑štkə̑kte |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktenam | kə̑štkə̑kten omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktenat | kə̑štkə̑kten otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kə̑štkə̑kten | kə̑štkə̑kten ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktenna | kə̑štkə̑kten onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktenda | kə̑štkə̑kten odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktenə̑t | kə̑štkə̑kten ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktem ə̑l'e | om kə̑štkə̑kte ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktet ə̑l'e | ot kə̑štkə̑kte ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑štkə̑kta ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kə̑štkə̑kte ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kə̑štkə̑kte ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑štkə̑kteda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kə̑štkə̑kte ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kə̑štkə̑kte ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktem ulmaš | om kə̑štkə̑kte ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktet ulmaš | ot kə̑štkə̑kte ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑štkə̑kta ulmaš | ok/ogeš kə̑štkə̑kte ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kə̑štkə̑kte ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kə̑štkə̑kteda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kə̑štkə̑kte ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktat ulmaš | ogə̑t kə̑štkə̑kte ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktenam ə̑l'e | kə̑štkə̑kten omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktenat ə̑l'e | kə̑štkə̑kten otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑štkə̑kten ə̑l'e | kə̑štkə̑kten ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktenna ə̑l'e | kə̑štkə̑kten onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktenda ə̑l'e | kə̑štkə̑kten odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑štkə̑kten ə̑l'e | kə̑štkə̑kten ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktenam ulmaš | kə̑štkə̑kten omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktenat ulmaš | kə̑štkə̑kten otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑štkə̑kten ulmaš | kə̑štkə̑kten ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktenna ulmaš | kə̑štkə̑kten onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktenda ulmaš | kə̑štkə̑kten odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑štkə̑kten ulmaš | kə̑štkə̑kten ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kə̑štkə̑kte | it kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 3SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑že | ə̑nže kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 1PL: | (kə̑štkə̑ktena) | (ona/ogə̑na kə̑štkə̑kte) |
| 2PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑za | ida kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 3PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kə̑štkə̑kte |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑nem | ə̑nem kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 2SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑net | ə̑net kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 3SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑neže | ə̑než kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 1PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑nena | ə̑nena kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 2PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑neda | ə̑neda kə̑štkə̑kte |
| 3PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kə̑štkə̑kte |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kə̑štkə̑kte ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kə̑štkə̑kte ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kə̑štkə̑kte ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kə̑štkə̑kte ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kə̑štkə̑kte ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kə̑štkə̑kte ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kə̑štkə̑kte ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kə̑štkə̑kte ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kə̑štkə̑kte ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kə̑štkə̑kte ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kə̑štkə̑ktaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑man |
| Active participle: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑še |
| Passive participle: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kə̑štkə̑kten |
| Negative gerund: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | kə̑štkə̑ktə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||